Progesterone is a hormone that is necessary for preparing the lining of the uterus for implantation and to support the pregnancy in the early weeks. For various reasons, some women don’t make enough progesterone naturally for this important function. In this case, progesterone supplements will be prescribed.
Inadequate progesterone levels can be detected via a blood test shortly after ovulation. An ultrasound scan is often done if you are under treatment for infertility to check the lining of the uterus. If a progesterone deficiency is suspected or blood tests come back low, an endometrial biopsy may be done to get additional information.
There are a few different ways to take progesterone supplements, including tablets, suppositories and injections. Regardless of the delivery method, experts agree that natural progesterone is best.
Progesterone tablets are a relatively new product on the market. Earlier oral progesterone was synthetic and not used for infertility treatment. The new tablets do contain natural progesterone. Since this form doesn’t remain in the body as long, the tablets are taken twice each day.
Progesterone suppositories have been used for years in the treatment of infertility. The suppository is placed in the vagina, generally at bedtime. The progesterone is absorbed through the vagina.
Injections of progesterone are also done once each day. The medication is given by intramuscular injection. In many cases, this will be done at home, as with other medications used to treat infertility. Your doctor will give you a crash course in the office before you have to do it at home.
Your doctor is the best source of information to determine which route is the best to take in your situation. There is some evidence to suggest that injections are more effective, in certain situations. Normal side effects are the same for all forms of progesterone. Side effects include breast tenderness, fluid retention, headache, mood changes and weight gain or loss. The full list of precautions will come with your prescription.
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